氧化锌烟尘不同浸出体系锗提取行为

Extraction behavior of germanium in different leaching systems from zinc oxide dust

  • 摘要: 以含锗氧化锌烟尘为原料,研究了硫酸、草酸、酒石酸、硫酸-酒石酸混合循环浸出工艺中Zn、Fe、Pb、Ge等有价金属的浸出行为。结果表明:硫酸浸出工艺可实现Ge、Zn的高效提取,在硫酸浓度100 g/L、液固比10 mL/g、温度90 ℃、反应时间120 min的条件下,Ge、Zn的浸出率分别可达86.12%、93.13%;草酸浸出工艺可实现Ge、Fe与Zn、Pb的选择性分离,在最优条件下Ge、Fe的浸出率分别为92.32%、67.30%,Pb、Zn基本不被浸出;酒石酸浸出体系下,Ge的浸出率较低,最高只达76.15%,并且Zn、Fe的浸出率维持在较低水平;硫酸-酒石酸混酸浸出体系下,Ge的浸出率明显改善,最高可达99.42%,同时Zn、Fe的浸出率分别可达89.53%、68.56%。通过四段循环浸出的方式,Ge富集后浓度可达152.93 mg/L,经N235萃取分离处理,Ge的萃取率接近90%。

     

    Abstract: The leaching behaviors of valuable metals such as Zn, Fe, Pb and Ge in the cycle leaching processes of sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid and the mixture of,sulfuric and tartaric acid were investigated, with germanium-containing zinc oxide dust as raw material. The results show that the high-efficiency extraction of Ge and Zn can be achieved by using a sulfuric acid leaching process. Under the conditions of sulfuric acid concentration of 100 g/L, temperature at 90 ℃, liquid-solid ratio of 10 mL/g, and the reaction time of 120 min, the leaching ratios of Ge and Zn can reach 86.12% and 93.13%, respectively. The selective separation of Ge and Fe from Zn and Pb can be achieved by the oxalic acid leaching process, and under optimal conditions, the leaching ratios of Ge and Fe are respectively 92.32% and 67.30% while Pb and Zn are essentially not leached. The leaching ratio of Ge in the tartaric acid leaching process is relatively low, reaching a maximum of 76.15%, while the leaching ratios of Zn and Fe remain at a low level. The leaching ratio of Ge in the mixed acid leaching process of sulfuric acid and tartaric acid improves significantly, up to 99.42%. Meanwhile, the leaching ratios of Zn and Fe are up to 89.53% and 68.56%, respectively. The concentration of Ge can reach 152.93 mg/L by four-stage cyclic leaching. The extraction ratio of Ge can reach almost 90% with the separation of the N235 extractant.

     

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