Abstract: The paper first introduces the structure and properties of pyrite and pyrrhotite, then analyzes the sources and characteristics of heavy metal wastewater, non-metallic toxic wastewater and organic wastewater, and elaborates on the application status of pyrite and pyrrhotite in wastewater treatment. It is believed that the degradation mechanism of iron sulfide minerals should be further explored and the efficiency of wastewater treatment can be improved by modifying or developing nanometer iron sulfide minerals. A process combing environment-friendly materials or technologies and iron sulfide minerals should be developed to achieve and accelerate their industrial application.