晶界扩散低重稀土合金Pr-Dy/Y-Al对烧结Nd-Fe-B磁性能与微观结构的影响

Effect of low heavy rare earth alloy Pr-(Dy, Y)-Al on magnetic properties and microstructure of sintered Nd-Fe-B via grain boundary diffusion

  • 摘要: 为了降低扩散源成本,采用晶界扩散技术,研究了Pr70Dy10Al20、Pr70Y10Al20、Pr60Dy10Y10Al20 3种扩散源对烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体磁性能和微观结构的影响。扩散后3种磁体的矫顽力分别从858 kA/m提升到1 746 kA/m、1 118 kA/m和1 572 kA/m。晶界扩散后,Pr70Dy10Al20磁体的矫顽力提升量最大,提升至原始磁体的203%。富Dy壳与连续富稀土晶界相的形成是Pr70Dy10Al20扩散磁体矫顽力显著提升的主要原因。在Pr70Y10Al20扩散磁体中,形成了原子序数衬度更深的富Y壳,并且Y的扩散深度与Pr70Dy10Al20扩散磁体中的Dy相近。Pr60Dy10Y10Al20扩散磁体的矫顽力增量虽然低于Pr70Dy10Al20扩散磁体,但相较于Pr70Y10Al20扩散磁体仍有较大的提升。微观结构分析表明:Pr60Dy10Y10Al20扩散磁体中的Pr、Dy、Y更趋向于进入主相形成更厚的富Pr-Y-Dy壳,降低了壳层的磁晶各向异性场,限制了Pr60Dy10Y10Al20扩散磁体矫顽力的提升。

     

    Abstract: In order to reduce the cost of diffusion sources, the effects of three low-cost diffusion sources, Pr70Dy10Al20, Pr70Y10Al20 and Pr60Dy10Y10Al20 on the magnetic properties and microstructure of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets were investigated using grain boundary diffusion technology. After diffusion, the coercivity of the three magnets increased from 858 kA/m to 1 746 kA/m, 1 118 kA/m and 1 572 kA/m, respectively. The Pr70Dy10Al20 magnet exhibited the largest coercivity enhancement, reaching 203% of the original magnet. This was primarily attributed to the formation of a Dy-rich shell and a continuous rare-earth-rich grain boundary phase. In the Pr70Y10Al20 diffused magnet, Y-rich shells with darker atomic number contrast were formed, and the diffusion depth of Y was similar to that of Dy in the Pr70Dy10Al20 diffused magnet. Although the coercivity increase in the Pr60Dy10Y10Al20 diffused magnet was lower than that in the Pr70Dy10Al20 diffused magnet, it still showed a significant improvement compared to the Pr70Y10Al20 diffused magnet. Microstructural analysis revealed that in the Pr60Dy10Y10Al20 diffused magnet, Pr, Dy, and Y tended to enter the main phase, forming thicker Pr-Y-Dy-rich shells, which reduced the anisotropy of the shells and limited the improvement of coercivity.

     

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