Abstract: Single-pass, single-layer specimens were printed on Al-14Ce alloy at different laser powers and high scanning rates. Optical and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the effects of various process parameters on the forming quality. The results show that when the laser power is 250 W, the scanning speed ranges from 800 mm/s to 1 000 mm/s, and when the laser power is 300 W, the scanning speed ranges from 1 000 mm/s to 1 200 mm/s. Under those conditions, the selective laser melting forming process parameters are optimal for Al-14Ce, with a laser volumetric energy density ranging from 60 J/mm³ to 80 J/mm³. At the same time, changes in scanning speed and laser power significantly affect the microhardness of Al-14Ce, as the volumetric energy density increases, it first increases and then decreases. To obtain a continuously stable melt path and a forming component with excellent mechanical properties, the laser volumetric energy density should be controlled between 47 J/mm³ and 128 J/mm³. This study provides process guidance and a theoretical basis for the formation of Al-14Ce alloy.