晶相调控对Li3NbO4电化学性能的影响

Effect of crystal phase regulation on Li3NbO4 electrochemical performance

  • 摘要: Li3NbO4的含锂量高于三元正极材料,在三元正极材料中添加Li3NbO4能够起到一定的补锂作用,降低电池的不可逆容量,提升电池的循环性能。但Li3NbO4的室温锂离子电导率不高,限制了其应用。研究中发现在合成Li3NbO4过程中,通过调节Li与Nb的配比,能够调控合成Li3NbO4材料结构的面心立方相(Fm-3m)和体心立方相(I-43m)的比例,两相共存界面降低锂离子扩散能垒,增强锂离子迁移能力。研究结果显示当配方中n(Li)∶n(Nb)=3.6∶1时,所得到的Li3NbO4材料中,I-43m相占比最高,所制备的样品的锂离子电导率比纯Fm-3m相的LNO-0样品高35倍,达到8.35×10-6 S/cm。将得到的高离子电导率Li3NbO4粉体添加到三元正极材料中制作成LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/LiPF6/Li纽扣电池,所得到的电池比容量提升15%,表现出良好的长循环性能和高倍率性能。

     

    Abstract: The lithium content of Li3NbO4 is richer than that of ternary cathode materials. Adding Li3NbO4 to the ternary cathode materials can play a certain role in lithium supplementation, reduce the irreversible capacity of the battery and improve its cycle performance. However, the low room temperature ionic conductivity of Li3NbO4 limits its application. It is found that in the process of synthesizing Li3NbO4, the proportion of the face-centered cubic phase (Fm-3m) and body-centered cubic phase (I-43m) in the structure of the synthesized Li3NbO4 material can be adjusted by controlling the ratio of Li/Nb. The coexistence interface of the two phases can reduce the lithium-ion diffusion energy barrier and enhance the migration ability of lithium ions. The results show that when Li∶ Nb molar ratio is 3.6:1 in the composition, the I-43m phase accounts for the highest proportion of the obtained Li3NbO4 material, and the lithium-ion conductivity of the prepared sample is 35 times higher than that of the Fm-3m phase, reaching 8.35×10-6 S/cm. The obtained high ionic conductivity Li3NbO4 powder is added to the ternary anode material to make LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/LiPF6/Li coin cell. The resulting battery exhibits a 15% increase in specific capacity and demonstrates excellent long-cycling performance and high-rate capability.

     

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