水中零价金属铜和铅对氯消毒副产物的影响

Effect of the zero-valent copper and lead in aqueous solution on the formation of disinfection byproducts during chlorination

  • 摘要: 饮用水输配水管道及配件中的零价金属会对系统中的自由氯浓度及消毒副产物的生成造成影响,现有研究多集中于单一金属材料,对于复合金属之间的相互影响机制不明。本文以零价金属铜、铅及铜-铅混合体系为研究对象,对不同体系的自由氯衰减和三卤甲烷生成情况进行探讨。结果表明,氯衰减在零价铜体系的速率最快,随pH的降低和金属含量的增多而加快,混合体系下的微电池效应会加速表明氧化膜的生成,从而抑制自由氯的衰减。三卤甲烷的生成基本不受pH(6~8)影响,但随金属含量的增加呈下降趋势,当体系中添加1 g/L零价铜时,目标三卤甲烷生成总量降低33%;三卤甲烷的生成量与腐殖酸浓度呈正相关,与溴离子浓度呈负相关。本研究为金属管材中消毒副产物的机理研究提供科学依据,也为提高饮用水的安全性奠定基础。

     

    Abstract: Zero-valent metal in drinking water distribution system would affect the free chlorine concentration and the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBP). The effect of single zero-valent metal materials on the DBPs formation was well-documented, while the interaction mechanism between composite metals is still unclear. In this paper, the attenuation of the free chlorine concentration and the formation of typical trihalomethanes (THM) with zero-valent copper, lead and copper-lead mixed systems were studied. Results show that the chlorine concentration attenuated with the largest rate in the zero-valent copper system, and the rate accelerated with the decreasing pH value and the increasing metal content. The microbattery effect in the mixed system could accelerate the formation of passivation layer, consequently inhibiting the decay of free chlorine. The formation of THMs was independent on pH (6-8), while decreased with the increasing metal content.When 1g/L zero-valent coppe was added to the system, the total amount of target trihalomethane production was reduced by 33%. The THM production was positively correlated with the concentration of humic acid and negatively correlated with the concentration of bromine ion. This study provides a scientific basis for the mechanism of DBP formation in pipes, and also lays a foundation for improving the safety of drinking water.

     

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