TiO2/CuS复合材料的制备及其光催化降解污染废水的性能研究

Preparation of TiO2/CuS composite materials and their performance in photocatalytic degradation of polluted wastewater

  • 摘要: 采用均相沉淀-水热法制备不同摩尔比的(1∶1、1.5∶1、2∶1、2.5∶1、3∶1、3.5∶1、4∶1)TiO2/CuS复合材料。对摩尔比为(3∶1)TiO2/CuS的代表性复合材料进行FTIR表征得出,其含有Cu-S特征键和Ti-O-Ti键;并进行XRD表征得出,其含有CuS(102)及TiO2 的(101)、(204)特征晶面,表明两者成功复合;由UV-vis DRS表征得出,复合后吸光带边红移,光响应范围增强;由PEC、PL表征得出,TiO2/CuS复合后形成异质结延缓光生电子(e-)-空穴(h+)复合。以350 W氙灯模拟太阳光降解苯酚、四环素(TC),对样品进行光催化活性检测得出,当TiO2/CuS摩尔比为3∶1时光催化降解活性较优,对苯酚、TC降解率分别为99.38%、97.99%,速率常数分别为0.052 48、0.036 43 min-1,比纯TiO2分别提高了3.503 3、2.207 8倍。对(3∶1)TiO2/CuS样品进行自由基捕获实验得出,超氧根离子自由基(·O2-)抑制作用较为明显,表明·O2-作为主要活性物质参与反应。TiO2与CuS复合后形成异质结有利于e--h+分离,促进活性自由基含量增加,有利于提高光催化活性,具有应用前景。

     

    Abstract: TiO2/CuS composites with different molar ratios (1∶1, 1.5∶1, 2∶1, 2.5∶1, 3∶1, 3.5∶1, 4∶1) were prepared using homogeneous precipitation hydrothermal method. The representative sample (3:1) TiO2/CuS contained Cu-S characteristic bonds and Ti-O-Ti bonds by FTIR. XRD characterization showed that the (101) and (204) characteristic crystal planes containing CuS(102) and TiO2 were successfully combined. UV vis DRS characterization showed that after recombination, the absorption band edge shifted red and the light response range was enhanced. PEC and PL characterization showed that TiO2/CuS composite formed a heterojunction to delay photo-generated electron (e-)-hole (h+) recombination. After using a 350W xenon lamp to simulate the degradation of phenol and tetracycline (TC) under sunlight, the photocatalytic activity of the sample was tested. It was found that the optimal photocatalytic degradation activity was achieved when the TiO2/CuS molar ratio (3:1) was used, with degradation rates of 99.38% and 97.99% for phenol and TC, respectively. The rate constants were 0.052 48 min-1 and 0.036 43 min-1, respectively, which were 3.503 3 and 2.207 8 times higher than pure TiO2. Free radical capture experiments conducted on (3:1) TiO2/CuS samples found that the inhibitory effect of superoxide radical (O2-) was the most significant, indicating that O2- was the main active substance involved in the reaction. The heterojunction formed by the combination of TiO2 and CuS is beneficial for the separation of e--h+, promoting the increase of active free radical content and improving photocatalytic activity, which has application prospects.

     

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