Abstract: This article explored the application of more practical membrane technology in the treatment of rare earth ore mining wastewater, and adopted a two-stage reverse osmosis membrane concentration process with sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value. The ammonia nitrogen concentration of secondary reverse osmosis effluent was 5.05 mg per liter so that the clear liquid of reverse osmosis could be directly discharged or reused. Thick liquid running through nanofiltration membranes separated rare earth ions. The total recovery of these ions reached 93.01%. Ammonium sulfate was the only solution in the supernatant of nanofiltration membranes, which could be reused as a leaching reagent. In this experiment, rare earth ions and ammonia nitrogen resources can be recycled and utilized, and thus have good economic value.