Abstract: The long-term exploitation of rare earth mine in southern China has caused serious damage to the local ecological environment system, resulting in a large area of abandoned land and serious environmental problems. Upon analyzing the reasons for its formation, we introduced the ecological environment problems in abandoned mining lands. Thereafter, we summarize the research results of remediation of abandoned land at home and abroad, and the research status of soil remediation, restoration of vegetation and microbial remediation technologies. Suggestions for future ecological restoration of rare earth mine wasteland are put forward.