Abstract: In recent 10 years, China has provided most worlds increasing in lead and zinc concentrates，lead and zinc production. It has been a real lead and zinc processing country, which brought a series of resources and environment problems. Thus, the development, technical features and adaptability of lead and zinc metallurgy in China were systematically summarized in this paper. On the basis of this, the technology problems and trends of the domestic lead and zinc industry were also discussed. The consumption structures show that Chinese lead production must turn to secondary lead industry primarily, while zinc production will remain primary zinc as the main. How to innocently treat millions of yearly new zinc smelting slag from the primary lead industry must be paid high attention to.