Abstract: The chemical industry has attached increasing attention to the lanthanide-based metal-organic Framework (Ln-MOFs) material due to its unique luminescent and magnetic properties that are derived from the electronic configurations Xe4fⁿ(n=0-14) of lanthanide elements and unsaturated-coordinated metal site and large specific surface area. The researches show that Ln-MOFs is a new multifunction crystal material with special topological structure and pore canal, which is closely related to inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry and coordination chemistry and other disciplines. However, it is difficult to obtained precise Ln-MOFs by simple synthesis and design. Due to its infinite combination for the organic ligands and lanthanide metal unit, the synthesis and application of Ln-MOFs are still the future research focus. The synthesis and structure of Ln-MOFs are reviewed, in particular, its utilization in the fields of catalysts, thermal stability, gas adsorption, luminescent materials and magnetic materials on the basis of the analysis of Ln-MOFs type ligands.