Abstract: Research progress on the types and radioactivity of natural radionuclides in different rare earth ore, and migration and evolution law of radionuclides during processing are reviewed comprehensively. It is pro - posed that the identification of the types and nature of radionuclides in different kinds of rare earth ore, the migration and evolution law of ionic rare earth radionuclides in extraction or application process, and the es - tablishment of radionuclides distribution database will be the important research directions in the future.