Abstract: This paper studies a 60 kg/m heavy rail with nine roller horizontal straightening reduction by using the ansys workbench and ansys/ls-dyna. Based on the amount of reduction and the measured values of virtual fulcrum reduction, the straightening procedures and simulation are established. The heavy rail flatness, heavy rail longitudinal residual stress magnitude and distribution of cross section stress magnitude and distribution in the two procedures are analyzed. The results show that improved straightness, reduced residual stress and more evenly distributed residual stress by using the theory bending curvature.