Research progress of NaTi₂(PO₄)₃ anode materials for aqueous sodium-ion batteries

In recent years, aqueous sodium-ion batteries have attracted increasing attention, and more and more research focuses on electrochemical energy storage systems due to their advantages of abundant raw materials, safety and reliability, and environmental friendliness. NaTi₂(PO₄)₃ (NTP) with a superionic conductor structure has become the most representative anode material in many reported aqueous sodium-ion batteries. However, the inherent poor electronic conductivity and irreversible dissolution-precipitation behavior of NTP have hindered its further practical application. In this work, the research progress of NTP and its composites as anode materials in aqueous sodium-ion batteries in recent years were reviewed, and the main methods of NTP modification were summarized, including surface modification, size morphology control and doping substitution. Moreover, each modification method was also discussed in detail. Finally, the application prospects of NTP as anode materials for aqueous sodium-ion batteries are proposed.