Law of metal valence variation in the smelting processes of various nonferrous metals

This article summarized the changes in the valence state of the main metals in the metal refining process of heavy metals, light metals, rare metals, precious metal smelting, and electronic waste in traditional minerals, and drew them into graphs. The results showed that the valence changes basically corresponded to the zigzag shape during the smelting process of light metals and rare metals, they were concave during the smelting process of relatively inactive heavy metal, and convex during the smelting process of precious metals. We believed that the existence of these basic laws was directly related to the metallic activity of each element. The combing of the above rules could provide help and reference for us to explore new ideas and new methods for the recycling of urban mineral resources.