Abstract: The comprehensive utilization of fly ash, the primary solid waste of coal-fired power plants, is a worldwide problem. It is of great significance to comprehensively utilize fly ash because it contains valuable metal elements. Bioleaching technology is economical efficient, pollution-free, and recyclable, and the ash residue after metal recovery still has a high resource utilization value. In this paper, the application of bioleaching technology in the comprehensive utilization of fly ash is reviewed, and the main influencing factors are analyzed. At the same time, the problems and development direction of bioleaching technology applications in the future are pointed out.